{"id":2209,"date":"2020-02-24T22:40:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-24T21:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stalo-se.cz\/?p=2209"},"modified":"2020-05-26T23:13:03","modified_gmt":"2020-05-26T21:13:03","slug":"co-je-koronavirus-onemocneni-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/?p=2209","title":{"rendered":"Co je koronavirus (onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19)?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Koronaviry jsou velmi \u010dast\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami nachlazen\u00ed, r\u00fdmy a jin\u00fdch infekc\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest. Krom\u011b aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho koronavirus SARS-CoV-2 jsme byli v minulosti sv\u011bdky dal\u0161\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed MERS \u010di SARS. Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee \u00famrtnost na nov\u00fd koronavirus je v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u epidemi\u00ed SARS a MERS.
Nov\u00fd koronavirus SARS-CoV-2, se za\u010dal \u0161\u00ed\u0159it ji\u017e koncem roku 2019 v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m velkom\u011bst\u011b Wu-chan. Z tohoto epicentra v \u010c\u00edn\u011b se n\u00e1kaza postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila ji\u017e do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je COVID-19?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

COVID-19 je zkratkou anglick\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu „Coronavirus disease 2019“, tedy koronav\u00edrusov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed 2019. Tento n\u00e1zev dala onemocn\u011bn\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik lid\u00ed s infikov\u00e1no COVID-19?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edsla se m\u011bn\u00ed v \u010dase velmi rychle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nemoc se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila tak rychle a do tak mnoho zem\u00ed, \u017ee Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace ji ozna\u010dila za pandemii (v\u00fdraz, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i chorob\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 postihnou velkou \u010d\u00e1st populace, cel\u00fd region, zemi nebo kontinent).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proti \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed COVID-19 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed stejn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jako proti \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ch\u0159ipky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jsou to zejm\u00e9na:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u010dast\u00e9 myt\u00ed rukou,
nedot\u00fdkanie se obli\u010deje,
ka\u0161l\u00e1n\u00ed a k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed do hygienick\u00e9 kapesn\u00edku nebo ohybu lokte,
vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se nemocn\u00fdm lidem
vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se lidem pokud jste nemocn\u00fd.
Pokud onemocn\u00edte na ch\u0159ipku, v\u00e1\u0161 doktor v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edepsat protivirov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zm\u00edrnit pr\u016fb\u011bh onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a tak\u00e9 ho zkr\u00e1tit. V sou\u010dasnosti v\u0161ak neexistuj\u00ed protivirov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky k l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed COVID-19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Jak se koronavirus \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee COVID-19 se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka. D\u011bje se tak zejm\u00e9na tehdy, kdy\u017e jsou lid\u00e9 v bl\u00edzk\u00e9m kontaktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapi\u010dky, kter\u00e9 se tvo\u0159\u00ed, kdy\u017e infikovan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk zaka\u0161le nebo si k\u00fdchne, mohou dopadnout na \u00fasta \u010di nos lidi kolem nebo mohou b\u00fdt vdechnuty do plic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koronavirus se tak\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159it kontaktem s infikovan\u00fdmi povrchy nebo objekty. \u010clov\u011bk se m\u016f\u017ee nakazit dotykem povrchu nebo objektu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 na sob\u011b virus a potom se dotkne vlastn\u00edch \u00fast, nosu nebo o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jako smrteln\u00e1 je nemoc COVID-19?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda se d\u00edv\u00e1me na \u00famrtnost (riziko smrti mezi naka\u017een\u00fdmi) nebo na celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u0159ipka v t\u00e9to sez\u00f3n\u011b zp\u016fsobila v\u00edce \u00famrt\u00ed ne\u017e COVID-19. I proto je \u010dasto sly\u0161et, \u017ee sez\u00f3nn\u00ed ch\u0159ipka je mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i pohledu na \u00famrtnost je riziko smrti zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 COVID-19 (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3% a\u017e 4%) ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tomu bylo u SARS (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 11%) nebo MERS (okolo 35%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toto \u010d\u00edslo je v\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u sez\u00f3nn\u00ed ch\u0159ipce (v pr\u016fm\u011bru kolem 0,1%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posledn\u00ed odhady p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee \u00famrtnost nov\u00e9ho koronavirus je okolo 1%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo je nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinou obyvatelstva nov\u00e9ho koronavirus?
Jsou to star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 a lid\u00e9 s chronickou bronchitidou, chronickou obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed, kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi nebo cukrovkou. Ti jsou n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edmu pr\u016fb\u011bhu nemoci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jsou d\u011bti imunn\u00ed p\u0159ed virem zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edm COVID-19?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

D\u011bti, v\u010detn\u011b novorozenc\u016f, mohou onemocn\u011bt COVID-19. U d\u011bt\u00ed je v\u0161ak velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee nemoc p\u0159ekonaj\u00ed jen s m\u00edrn\u00fdmi symptomy, jako je hore\u010dka, r\u00fdma a ka\u0161el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti m\u011bly i v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komplikace, ale tyto p\u0159\u00edpady byly v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9. Ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ohro\u017een\u00ed jsou d\u011bti s jin\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zastav\u00ed tepl\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed COVID-19?
N\u011bkter\u00e9 viry jako nap\u0159\u00edklad nachlazen\u00ed \u010di ch\u0159ipka se v\u00edce \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed tehdy, pokud je po\u010das\u00ed chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

St\u00e1le v\u0161ak existuje mo\u017enost onemocn\u011bt i b\u011bhem tepl\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. V t\u00e9to chv\u00edli nev\u00edme, zda \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed COVID-19 ustane kdy\u017e se po\u010das\u00ed otepl\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak dlouho p\u0159e\u017eije nov\u00fd koronavirus na povr\u0161\u00edch?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edm nejsou dostupn\u00e9 zcela p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o tom, jak dlouho m\u016f\u017ee virus p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt na povr\u0161\u00edch jako plast, porcel\u00e1n, k\u00e1men, \u017eelezo nebo m\u011b\u010f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edm odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9 myt\u00ed povrch\u016f a v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me ka\u017ed\u00fd den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zahrnuje to kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9 linky, stoly, kliky, kohoutky, toalety, telefony, kl\u00e1vesnice, tablety a no\u010dn\u00ed stolky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud je povrch zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn, nejprve jej o\u010dist\u011bte vodou a myc\u00edm prost\u0159edkem, pak ho vydezinfikujte.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Koronaviry jsou velmi \u010dast\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami nachlazen\u00ed, r\u00fdmy a jin\u00fdch infekc\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest. Krom\u011b aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho koronavirus…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"amp_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2209"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2209\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stalo-se.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}